How Sick Leave Works in the UAE

Sick leave is an essential right for employees to recover and maintain their well-being. In the UAE, the labor law provides clear guidelines to ensure fair treatment for both employees and employers.  Sick leave not only protects your health but also ensures job security during times of illness. Here's everything you need to know about how sick leave works in the UAE, including eligibility, pay structure, and what to do if you fall ill.

Eligibility for Sick Leave

Employees in the UAE are entitled to up to 90 days of sick leave per year. However, this benefit applies only after completing the probationary period. Here's how it works:

Duration and Pay Structure:

• First 15 days: Full pay.
• Next 30 days: Half pay.
• Final 45 days: Unpaid.

During the probationary period, employees may take unpaid sick leave, but this is subject to the employer's approval and must be supported by a valid medical report.

Exclusions: When Paid Sick Leave Doesn’t Apply

While the UAE law provides generous sick leave policies, there are situations where employees may not qualify for paid leave. These include:

1. During Probation: Any leave taken in this period will be unpaid.
2. Illness Due to Misconduct: If the sickness is caused by actions such as alcohol or drug consumption.
3. Safety Violations: Failure to follow safety guidelines set by the employer or as per UAE legislation.

It’s crucial to adhere to workplace safety and maintain a professional attitude to ensure your rights are protected.

How to Notify Your Employer

If you’re feeling unwell and need to take sick leave, communication is key. According to Article 31 of the UAE Labour Law, you must:

1. Inform Your Employer: Notify them within three days of falling sick.
2. Provide a Medical Report: Submit an official document issued by a certified medical entity confirming your illness and the need for leave.

Failing to follow these steps might affect your eligibility for sick leave benefits.

Can You Be Terminated Due to Sickness?

One of the most common concerns employees have is whether they can lose their job due to prolonged illness. Here's what the law says:

• Employers cannot dismiss or issue a termination notice while you’re on sick leave.
• However, if you’ve used up all your 90 days of sick leave and still cannot return to work, your employer has the right to terminate your contract.
• In such cases, you’re still entitled to end-of-service benefits, as outlined in the UAE labor law.

Special Considerations for Occupational Illness

It’s important to note that the rules for regular sick leave do not cover illnesses caused by workplace conditions or hazards. If you suffer from an occupational illness, additional provisions may apply. Consult your employer or a legal advisor for more information on this specific scenario. These provisions typically include compensation, medical care, and extended leave options under separate regulations. Ensuring you report workplace-related illnesses promptly can help protect your rights and access the benefits you’re entitled to.

Practical Tips for Managing Sick Leave

• Plan Ahead: If you’re nearing the end of your probation period, be aware that sick leave policies change once this period is over.
• Keep Documentation Handy: Always ensure your medical reports are from a certified entity to avoid disputes.
• Understand Your Rights: Familiarize yourself with the labor law to know what you’re entitled to and avoid misunderstandings.
• Communicate Early: The sooner you notify your employer, the smoother the process will be.

FAQs

Sick leave in the UAE is designed to support employees while maintaining fairness for employers. By understanding the eligibility criteria, pay structure, and your responsibilities, you can make informed decisions if you ever need to take time off due to illness. Similarly, knowing what to do if you lose your Emirates ID is equally important for navigating unexpected situations.

Report the loss to the Federal Authority for Identity, Citizenship, Customs, and Port Security (ICP) promptly and apply for a replacement to avoid disruptions. Knowing your rights and responsibilities ensures a smoother experience for both you and your employer. Stay proactive, keep communication clear, and prioritize your health—it’s your most valuable asset.